JPEG involves a lossy compression mechanism using discrete cosine transform (DCT). JPEG is a joint standard of the International Telecommunications Union (ITU-T T.81) and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO 10918-1). JPG is a graphical file format for editing still images, it offers a symmetrical compression technique which is processor intensive and time consiming in both compression and decompression. The JPG file is a great format as it often manages to compress files to 1/10 of the size of the original file which is especially good for saving on bandwidth. The JPG format is often used in digital camera memory cards. The resultant 'lossy' file means that quality can never be recovered. JPG's are often used for web sites and email as they are generally smaller file sizes as they are lossy meaning that some image quality is lost when the JPG is compressed and saved.
The first 9 bytes of an XCF file are the ASCII string "gimp xcf "ĮXperimental Computing Facility of the University of California at Berkeley
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It contains a series of data structures with the main image structure coming at the very beginning of the file. An XCF file is a sequence of bytes which describes a stack of layers and channels on a canvas, which is effectively just a rectangular viewport for the layers and channels. The XCF format is designed to store the entire part of the state of the Gimp that is specific to one image, apart from undo data.
Using XCF as for data interchange is not recommended by the developers of GIMP, as there may be format changes in future versions and XCF reflects various internal data structures for GIMP.
The XCF file format is backward compatible (all versions of GIMP can open earlier versions' files) and in some cases, forward compatible. XCF files are similar in makeup to a Photoshop PSD, supporting layers, channels, transparency, paths and guides. The XCF file format is an image file created by the GNU Image Manipulation Program (GIMP), a freely distributed image editing program.
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